标签： 武汉品茶论坛

　　Recently, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Chongqing: "Continue to deepen the rectification of formalism to reduce the burden on grassroots and create favorable conditions for grassroots cadres and officers to start businesses." Since the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC issued the Notice on Solving Prominent Formalism Problems to Reduce the Burden for Grassroots Units, various regions and departments have made continuous efforts to solve a number of outstanding problems. Grass-roots cadres are at the end of social governance. Only by clarifying the boundaries of powers and responsibilities, improving the mechanism of reducing burdens, and cultivating grassroots talents can the majority of grassroots cadres go into battle lightly, display their fists and feet, and really spend their energy on doing practical things.

　　To "delimit" the responsibility and authority, forgrass rootscadreminusNegative.It is necessary to strengthen the management of the list of powers and responsibilities. First, the list of powers and responsibilities of the higher authorities about the grass-roots work, and clarify which work of this department should be participated by the grass-roots; The second is the list of work scope of grass-roots units, which determines the responsibilities that grass-roots units should undertake. People should do things according to their responsibilities and things should be done according to the system. By strengthening the management of power and responsibility list, standardizing and optimizing the scope of authority, all parties have clear responsibilities and do their best, so that the grassroots are no longer the "takers" of various responsibilities and matters, so that grassroots cadres can spread their shoulders and have more time to walk the streets and serve the masses.

　　giveInstitutional mechanism "empowerment",forgrass rootscadreminusPress.It is necessary to work hard to establish a long-term mechanism, improve and perfect the work mechanism of burden reduction, which is coordinated from top to bottom, left and right, and coordinated by departments, and highlight the role of functional departments such as organization department, discipline inspection commission, and editorial office to form a joint effort to reduce burdens. Make good use of this family heirloom, go to the grassroots to find out the reality, understand the worries and difficulties of grassroots cadres, and solidify the mature experience and effective measures that meet the expectations and needs of grassroots in the process of burden reduction to form a long-term mechanism for grassroots cadres to learn from.

　　Pave the way for growth and talent, and reduce worries for grassroots cadres..It is necessary to optimize the assessment and evaluation system, ensure that the index setting is focused on the grassroots, scientific and reasonable, promote the transformation from "quantity examination" to "quality examination", and truly play the role of assessment "baton". It is necessary to activate the "spirit" of cadres, motivate cadres with their careers, and send a group of grassroots cadres to major reforms, important positions and key projects to overcome difficulties, so that grassroots cadres who want to be officers, can be officers and succeed can stand out. It is necessary to implement the fault-tolerant and error-correcting mechanism, strictly implement the "three distinctions", comprehensively analyze the mistakes of cadres, boldly tolerate the fault-tolerant ones according to the procedures, and earnestly take responsibility for the cadres who dare to take responsibility and be responsible for the cadres who dare to take responsibility.

　　In short, only by establishing a clear orientation of reducing the burden on the grassroots and supporting the hard work can we really activate the "one pool of spring water" for grassroots cadres to perform their duties conscientiously and actively, so that grassroots cadres can spend their time and energy on the "cutting edge" and exchange more hard work for the people’s happiness, sense of acquisition and sense of security. (Author: Yang Haoru)

On July 29th, Yang Tao, Deputy Director of the Comprehensive Department of the Ministry of Commerce, introduced the general situation of business operation in the first half of 2022 at the special press conference held by the Ministry of Commerce. He said that the business operation showed a recovery trend in the first half of the year, especially since the second quarter, with the gradual emergence of policy effects, the main business indicators stabilized and rebounded, which provided important support for stabilizing the macroeconomic market.

First, foreign trade grew rapidly. In the first half of the year, the import and export of goods reached 19.8 trillion yuan, up 9.4% year-on-year, while imports and exports increased by 4.8% and 13.2% respectively. Among them, due to unexpected factors, the growth rate of import and export dropped to 0.1% in April, and rebounded rapidly in May and June, reaching 9.5% and 14.3% respectively, showing the strong development resilience of foreign trade. It grew rapidly with major trading partners, with imports and exports to the United States, the European Union and ASEAN increasing by 11.7%, 7.5% and 10.6% respectively, and imports and exports to countries along the Belt and Road increased by 17.8%. "Travel" products grew rapidly, and the export of automobiles, shoes and bags increased by 51.1%, 31.4% and 34.6% respectively, which were 37.9%, 18.2% and 21.4% higher than the overall export growth rate respectively. Stabilizing the main body and stabilizing employment has achieved remarkable results. In the first half of the year, there were 506,000 enterprises with import and export performance, an increase of 5.5%. The import and export of private enterprises increased by 13.6%, accounting for 1.9 percentage points to 49.6%. Trade in services developed steadily. From January to May, the import and export of services reached 2.4 trillion yuan, an increase of 22%, of which exports increased by 26.3% and imports increased by 18.2%.

Second, domestic consumption has gradually recovered. In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 21 trillion yuan, down 0.7% year-on-year. Among them, April was obviously affected by the epidemic, and the growth rate dropped to -11.1%. The decline narrowed to -6.7% in May and increased by 3.1% in June. New consumption achieved rapid development. The development trend of new consumption such as live e-commerce and contactless services is good. In the first half of the year, the online retail sales of physical goods increased by 5.6%, accounting for 25.9% of the total. Sales of new energy vehicles increased by 1.2 times. Physical commerce has picked up. The retail sales of supermarkets and specialty store increased by 4.2% and 2.8% respectively, 0.2 and 1.6 percentage points faster than the previous five months. Guaranteed supply and stable price are powerful and effective. Give full play to the role of multi-provincial joint guarantee and supply mechanism for daily necessities, strengthen market monitoring and early warning, ensure sufficient supply of daily necessities, and basically stabilize market prices. In the first half of the year, CPI rose by 1.7%.

Third, the quality of attracting foreign investment has improved. In the first half of the year, the actual use of foreign capital was 723.31 billion yuan, an increase of 17.4% in comparable terms. The investment structure is more optimized. Manufacturing and high-tech industries achieved "double promotion", and the actual use of foreign capital in manufacturing increased by 54.8%, accounting for 5.9 percentage points higher than the same period of last year to 25.4%; The actual use of foreign capital in high-tech industries increased by 33.6%, accounting for 3.8 percentage points to 35.5%. The main sources of investment grew steadily. The actual investment in the United States, Germany and Britain increased by 26.1%, 13.9% and 13.4% respectively (including some free ports, the same below), while the actual investment in South Korea and Hong Kong increased by 37.2% and 15.8% respectively. The high-level open platform has obvious driving effect. In the first half of the year, the actual use of foreign capital in 21 pilot free trade zones was 119.85 billion yuan, an increase of 16.8%, attracting nearly 16.6% of foreign capital with an area of less than four thousandths. The service industry’s foreign investment in the "1+4" demonstration pilot area increased by 15%, accounting for 34.7% of China’s service industry’s foreign investment. The foreign investment absorbed by 230 national economic development zones increased by 42.1%, accounting for 19.6%.

Fourth, foreign investment cooperation developed steadily. In the first half of the year, foreign non-financial direct investment reached 351.67 billion yuan, up 0.8% year-on-year (equivalent to 54.24 billion US dollars, up 0.6%), and the turnover of foreign contracted projects reached 458 billion yuan, up 4.2%. The "Belt and Road" investment cooperation has been deepening. Direct investment in countries along the Belt and Road reached 65.03 billion yuan, up 4.9%. The investment structure was continuously optimized. Investment in wholesale and retail, scientific research and technical services and manufacturing increased by 21.3%, 15.6% and 13% respectively.

V. Multilateral and regional cooperation is deepening. The 12th WTO Ministerial Conference achieved fruitful results. The promotion strategy of the free trade zone was fully implemented. Promote the high-quality implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) and continuously achieve new results. Actively promote the accession to the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (CPTPP) and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA). China — Cambodian FTA, China — New Zealand FTA Upgrade Protocol came into effect. Reach an early harvest arrangement for a free trade agreement with Nicaragua. Regional cooperation has achieved positive results. Successfully held the 12th BRICS Economic and Trade Ministers’ Meeting. Promote the APEC Trade Ministers’ Meeting to reach a consensus.

In order to thoroughly implement the National Modern Agriculture Development Plan (2011—2015In), the following opinions are put forward on accelerating the development of urban modern agriculture by adhering to classified guidance, key breakthroughs and step-by-step promotion, encouraging the suburbs of large and medium-sized cities to take the lead in realizing the deployment of agricultural modernization and giving full play to the emergency protection function of urban agriculture.

First, the significance of developing urban modern agriculture

(1) It is conducive to comprehensively optimizing the distribution of agricultural productive forces.In recent years, focusing on deepening the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure and optimizing the regional distribution of agricultural products, the Ministry has successively promulgated and implemented the regional distribution planning of advantageous agricultural products and the regional distribution planning of characteristic agricultural products, which has played an important role in giving play to the comparative advantages of agriculture and building industrial belts of bulk agricultural products and characteristic agricultural products. On this basis, it is of great significance to clarify the overall thinking and key tasks of developing urban modern agriculture, which will accelerate the formation of a national agricultural productivity layout with benign interaction between urban suburbs and superior agricultural products production areas and characteristic agricultural products production areas.

(two) to ensure the effective supply of agricultural products in large and medium-sized cities.With the continuous expansion of urban scale and the continuous increase of population, the demand for agricultural products in large and medium-sized cities has increased rigidly. The practice in recent years shows that the large-scale and long-distance cross-regional circulation of agricultural products, especially fresh agricultural products, not only increases the purchase and sale costs, but also increases the risk of quality and safety, and the fluctuation of production in the main producing areas caused by various reasons will soon spread to the urban agricultural products market. Therefore, accelerating the development of urban modern agriculture and maintaining a certain self-sufficiency of fresh food in large and medium-sized cities is an important basis for ensuring the supply of agricultural products and stabilizing the agricultural product market.

(3) It is conducive to improving the urban ecological living environment.Paddy field is an artificial wetland, and vegetable field is an artificial green space. Urban agriculture integrates production, living and ecological functions, and plays an important role in flood control and drainage, water conservation, soil and water conservation, air purification, etc., especially in providing green natural landscapes and civilized farming entities, and meeting the growing spiritual needs of urban residents such as experiencing rural life, tourism and leisure. Accelerating the development of urban modern agriculture is an important way to improve the urban ecological living environment, enrich the cultural life of urban residents, maintain the urban ecological balance and promote the coordinated development between man and nature.

(four) is conducive to promoting farmers’ employment and income.Although the income level of farmers in the suburbs of large and medium-sized cities is higher than that in agricultural and pastoral areas, there is still a big gap compared with urban residents. While continuing to promote the transfer of rural labor force, speeding up the development of urban modern agriculture, vigorously guiding the injection of advanced production factors such as urban capital, technology and talents into agriculture, promoting the development of leisure agriculture, agricultural product processing industry and facility agriculture, and improving the level of agricultural industrialization and service socialization are conducive to creating more employment and income-increasing opportunities for farmers and even citizens.

(5) It is beneficial to realize the "three-in-one synchronization".Urban agriculture is located in the periphery of the city, which serves the development of the city in function and interacts closely with the city’s industry and commerce in resource elements, and is an effective carrier to promote the synchronization of the three. The National Modern Agricultural Development Plan (2011—2015"Multi-functional agricultural areas in the suburbs of big cities" is clearly listed as "the first area to realize". Accelerating the development of urban modern agriculture is conducive to giving play to the functions of demonstration, driving and radiation, improving the development level of "three modernizations", coordinating urban and rural development and coordinating the relationship between workers and peasants, and promoting the formation of a new pattern of integration of urban and rural economic and social development.

Second, the goal and task of developing urban modern agriculture

(6) Take the lead in realizing agricultural modernization.Follow the general law of modern agricultural development and the actual needs of urban agricultural development, and in accordance with the overall requirements of building a high-yield, high-quality, efficient, ecological and safe agriculture, take overall planning of urban and rural development as the basic strategy, take ensuring the safe and effective supply of major agricultural products and promoting farmers’ income as the primary task, take gathering advanced production factors as an important means, take innovative institutional mechanisms as a powerful driving force, constantly optimize the layout structure, develop various functions of agriculture, accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industries, improve the comprehensive benefits of agriculture, and strive for On the basis of stable development of grain production, strive to passthree～fiveIn 2000, we made great efforts to build urban agriculture into an important supply area of urban "vegetable basket" products, a demonstration area of agricultural modernization, a gathering area of advanced agricultural production factors, a model area of agricultural multi-functional development and a pioneering area of rural reform.

(7) Steady development of grain production.. Large and medium-sized cities should attach importance to grain production, define the grain production capacity target and the necessary self-sufficiency rate target in their respective jurisdictions, share the responsibility of national food security, and establish and improve the assessment mechanism for grain production tasks. Reasonably divide agricultural functional areas and cultivated land protection areas, strictly implement the compensation system for cultivated land requisition, resolutely put an end to such situations as "only occupying but not supplementing", "more occupying and less supplementing" and "occupying the superior and supplementing the inferior", ensure that the cultivated land area will not be reduced, the use will not change, the quality will be improved, and effectively stabilize the grain planting area. Strengthen the construction of agricultural infrastructure, carry out the construction of high-standard farmland, transform low-and medium-yield farmland on a large scale, vigorously develop water-saving agriculture, and vigorously promote soil organic matter improvement, soil testing and formula fertilization and other fertility improvement measures. Improve irrigation and drainage ditches, motor wells and other farmland water conservancy facilities in the field, increase the effective irrigation area of farmland, improve the supporting facilities such as tractor roads and fertilizer accumulation facilities, and improve the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation. Accelerate agricultural science and technology innovation and technology popularization and application, develop modern seed industry, vigorously promote agricultural mechanization, promote the matching of improved varieties and good methods, and the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the stable development of grain production.

(8) Do a good job in the construction of the "vegetable basket" project.Promote the implementation of the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, build a "vegetable garden" and manage the "vegetable stall". Reasonably determine the amount of land reserved for the production of "vegetable basket" products, especially leafy vegetables, fresh eggs, fresh milk, aquatic products and other products with high requirements for transportation and preservation, ensure that the existing self-sufficiency is not reduced, and effectively enhance the emergency support function of urban "vegetable basket" products. We will speed up the construction of a number of facility vegetable bases, large-scale livestock and poultry farms, and standardized aquaculture demonstration sites, and strive to improve the level of facilities and the level of pest control. Strengthen the construction of facilities such as pre-cooling and cold storage in the main producing areas, improve the level of cold chain logistics, and promote the balanced listing of fresh agricultural products. Promote the upgrading and transformation of agricultural products wholesale markets, and improve retail terminal systems such as bazaars, community food stores, supermarket chains and weekend vegetable markets. Support cooperatives and leading enterprises in direct selling products, actively develop e-commerce and provide convenience for urban residents’ daily life. Study and solve the problem of fresh agricultural products transportation and distribution vehicles entering the city and parking. Strengthen cooperation with other production bases, implement an important "vegetable basket" product reserve system, improve the use of non-staple food price adjustment funds, innovate the use of financial instruments such as agricultural insurance, and explore the establishment of a "vegetable basket" product price stability mechanism. Improve the market information monitoring system of "vegetable basket" products, increase the release of production and marketing information, and guide the production and marketing to proceed smoothly.

(nine) to strengthen the quality and safety supervision of agricultural products.We will speed up the improvement of agricultural products quality and safety testing and certification, emergency response and risk assessment systems in large and medium-sized cities, comprehensively establish public service institutions for agricultural products quality and safety supervision in towns and villages, and vigorously strengthen the capacity building of agricultural products quality and safety guarantee. Establish and improve the system of quasi-export of origin and market access, do a good job in the connection between production and marketing and joint prevention and control, and ensure the quality and safety of listed agricultural products in large and medium-sized cities and the rest assured of consumption. Grasp the production base, leading enterprises, professional cooperatives, family farms (animal husbandry) and large-scale farmers, take the lead in promoting agricultural standardized production and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products. Strengthen the supervision of agricultural inputs, carry out the management of production environment, standardize technical operation procedures, implement the management of production records and packaging labels, and make full use of modern information means to take the lead in realizing the traceability management from the farm head to the dining table. Grasp the wholesale and distribution market, key distribution enterprises and key large-scale merchants, set up quality inspection stations and mobile inspection vehicles, strengthen the market inspection and supervision and spot check of foreign products, resolutely put an end to the listing and trading of unqualified products and promptly notify the agricultural department of the place of origin.

(10) Actively develop leisure agriculture and ecological agriculture.Adhere to agriculture as the foundation, farmers as the main body and rural areas as the carrier, make overall planning and design around the agricultural production process, farmers’ working life and rural customs, strengthen characteristic creativity, do a good job in the establishment of demonstration bases, the cultivation of well-known brands, the construction of service systems, the excavation of local culture, the creation of fine lines, protect ancient villages, ancient dwellings and rural features, and strive to cultivate a number of leisure agriculture demonstration sites and gathering villages with distinctive themes and outstanding characteristics. Innovate the public service mode of leisure agriculture, gradually establish and improve the public service network of leisure agriculture based on the existing information network of agricultural departments, and build a seamless docking mechanism between urban demand and rural supply. Firmly establish the concept of green and low-carbon development, and strictly control the transfer of urban and industrial "three wastes" to rural areas. Actively develop healthy farming, strengthen the prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding pollution, integrate and promote practical technologies such as water saving, fertilizer saving and energy saving, promote clean agricultural production, and effectively prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution. Expand the scale and scope of rural clean-up projects, build facilities for the treatment and utilization of organic wastes such as straw, manure, domestic garbage and sewage according to local conditions, develop rural biogas, promote the resource utilization of rural wastes, and build a beautiful home for farmers to live happily.

(eleven) continue to enhance the ability of radiation.Support the main producing areas to set up direct sales windows, distribution centers and specialty stores in cities. Vigorously develop the agricultural exhibition economy, cultivate a number of characteristic brand exhibitions, and promote regional agricultural cooperation. Actively provide convenient services for the main producing areas to carry out publicity and promotion activities in cities, and promote the connection between production and marketing of agricultural products in various forms, levels, channels and with high efficiency. Actively develop the primary processing and intensive processing of agricultural products, enrich the product structure, extend the industrial chain, and meet the diversified food needs of cities. Cultivate a number of large-scale processing and circulation enterprise groups, encourage and support leading enterprises to improve processing facilities and equipment conditions, promote the clustering of leading enterprises, promote the organizational model of leading enterprises linking farmers’ professional cooperatives and driving farmers, and enhance their ability to drive the development of production bases around cities. Build a number of agricultural demonstration bases or parks with high standards, high starting point and high level, improve the infrastructure and production conditions of the bases or parks, improve the service level, and make the bases or parks an important platform for enterprise incubation, technology research and development, achievement transformation and talent exchange, so as to better promote the development of surrounding agriculture.

(twelve) to lead the informationization of agricultural production and operation.Accelerate the integrated application and demonstration of modern information technologies and equipment such as Internet of Things, cloud computing and new generation mobile communication in urban modern agriculture, realize the deep integration of information technology and urban agriculture, promote the digitalization, automation and intelligence of urban modern agricultural production, and accelerate the modernization process of urban agriculture. Accelerate the informatization construction of urban modern agricultural circulation field, and improve the informatization ability of product trading, logistics distribution and product quality inspection. Encourage the construction of agricultural e-commerce platform, carry out online transactions, auction and product distribution, and provide information services for urban residents and agricultural producers. Vigorously promote the informatization construction of agricultural enterprises and farmers’ professional cooperative organizations in large and medium-sized cities, and actively promote the in-depth application of information technology in agricultural production, operation, management and service.

Third, safeguard measures for developing urban modern agriculture

(thirteen) to strengthen organizational guidance.Promote the implementation of the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, further strengthen organizational leadership, clarify the division of responsibilities, strengthen coordination and cooperation, form a joint effort, improve the working mechanism to adapt to the development of urban modern agriculture, and ensure that all policies and measures are implemented. All localities should pay close attention to formulating special plans for the development of urban modern agriculture, and actively strive to incorporate them into the overall plans for urban development and land use, so as to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of urban modern agriculture.

(fourteen) to strengthen the pilot demonstration.Encourage all localities to try first and take the lead in development, and strive to form a number of models that can represent the development direction of urban modern agriculture, and demonstrate to promote the development of other regions. The Ministry of Agriculture will, in combination with promoting the construction of modern agricultural demonstration zones, select and identify a number of urban modern agricultural demonstration zones with good basic conditions, great development potential and strong demonstration and leading role, and actively explore and promote the construction of urban modern agriculture.

(15) Strengthen policy support.Focus on developing the production of "vegetable basket" products, perfecting the agricultural insurance system, perfecting the agricultural ecological compensation mechanism, promoting the innovation and popularization of agricultural science and technology, invigorating the market circulation of agricultural products, developing leisure ecological agriculture, etc., and study and introduce targeted policies and measures to accelerate the improvement of the policy system to support the development of urban modern agriculture. We will continue to increase financial support for the development of urban modern agriculture, and gradually build a diversified investment pattern with government investment as the guide and enterprises and farmers as the main body.

(sixteen) to strengthen information publicity.Establish and improve the urban modern agricultural statistical system, grasp the supply situation and market dynamics of agricultural products in large and medium-sized cities, strengthen information dissemination, and reasonably guide farmers’ production and citizens’ consumption. Conscientiously sum up the experiences and practices of developing urban modern agriculture in various places, and carry out publicity and promotion in various forms to form a good atmosphere of mutual learning and promotion. Pay attention to theoretical research, explore the development law of urban modern agriculture, enrich theoretical connotation with practical results, promote practical exploration with theoretical innovation, and better provide theoretical support for the development of urban modern agriculture.

General office of agriculture department

2012yeareightmoonsixsun

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government on Printing and Distributing Guangdong Province

Notice of some policies and measures to promote the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel

No.7 [2020] of Guangdong Government Office

People’s governments at the local level and listed, people’s governments of counties (cities, districts), departments and institutions directly under the provincial government:

　　"Several policies and measures to promote the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel in Guangdong Province" have been agreed by the provincial people’s government and are hereby issued to you, please implement them conscientiously. Problems encountered in the implementation process, please report to the Provincial Department of Veterans Affairs.

General Office of Guangdong Provincial People’s Government

March 31, 2020

Some policies and measures to promote the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel in Guangdong Province

　　In order to thoroughly implement the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the work of retired military personnel, establish and improve the employment and entrepreneurship policy system for retired military personnel, increase the support for employment and entrepreneurship, and promote the high-quality full employment and successful entrepreneurship of retired military personnel in our province (including self-employed retired soldiers, self-employed demobilized military cadres and demobilized cadres), the following policies and measures are formulated.

　　First, extensively carry out adaptive training

　　(a) to carry out adaptability training for all staff.All the retired soldiers who are accepted and resettled in our province and meet the requirements are trained in adaptability, which is completed in principle within one month after the retired soldiers report for duty. Adaptive training focuses on ideological and political education, education of laws, regulations and policies, employment and entrepreneurship guidance, psychological counseling, etc. The provincial finance gives subsidies according to 1000 yuan per person, and the insufficient part is solved by local finance, which can be charged from the unemployment insurance fund extracted from the vocational skills upgrading action.

　　(2) Promote the forward movement of adaptive training.We will carry out in-depth activities of "sending policies to barracks", carry out career guidance for military personnel before retirement, and strengthen economic and social development and employment situation introduction, policy consultation, psychological adjustment, career planning, etc.

　　Second, vigorously carry out skills training

　　(3) Strengthen the training of employment and entrepreneurship skills.Retired soldiers who are willing to train and meet the requirements can choose to receive a free (tuition-free, accommodation-free and skill appraisal-free) employment and entrepreneurship skills training after retirement, and enjoy the living allowance during the training. The training period is generally not less than 3 months. Finance at all levels shall be guaranteed, which can be paid from the unemployment insurance fund extracted from the action of improving vocational skills. Training institutions are selected from qualified training institutions and vocational colleges, and can also be trained in cooperation with enterprises. Ex-servicemen can enjoy the above-mentioned preferential policies for employment and entrepreneurship skills training, and can also apply to participate in other vocational skills upgrading action plans and enjoy corresponding training benefits. Those who have obtained relevant certificates through training shall apply for subsidies according to regulations and shall not apply for them repeatedly.

　　(four) to improve the effectiveness of employment and entrepreneurship skills training.Carry out "order", "orientation" and "fixed post" training, promote the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation, and promote modern apprenticeship system and new enterprise apprenticeship system. Encourage enterprises to carry out post-service training for ex-servicemen, and vigorously carry out skills training to meet job needs and development needs. Adhere to the "who trains and recommends employment", compact the responsibility and improve the success rate of employment.

　　(five) to encourage participation in a variety of vocational skills training.In the key projects to improve vocational skills, such as "New Generation Industrial Workers Training", "Guangdong Technician", "Cantonese Cuisine Master", "Enterprise Apprenticeship Training", "Enterprise Workers’ Job Transfer Training" and "Rural Labor Force Precision Training", we will arrange a certain number of places to carry out training for retired military personnel, and vigorously support retired military personnel to participate in the training of workers’ dreams, rural entrepreneurial and innovative talents, youth employment and entrepreneurship training, unemployed personnel training, and entrepreneurship training in returning to the countryside.

　　Third, support retired military personnel to upgrade their academic qualifications

　　(six) support to participate in secondary and higher vocational education.Retired soldiers can participate in full-time secondary vocational education (including technical education) without trial within 2 years of retirement, and the provincial finance will give 2-year financial subsidies to retired military students in economically underdeveloped areas at 7000 yuan per student per year. Retired soldiers can pass the unified entrance examination in the whole province, or apply for higher vocational colleges (including technician colleges that have been included in higher vocational education according to the prescribed procedures) by single examination in schools. If they are admitted to higher vocational colleges within one year of retirement, register for admission and obtain full-time student status, the provincial finance will give 3-year financial subsidies to retired military students in economically underdeveloped areas at 7000 yuan per student per year. The above funds are used for tuition and miscellaneous fees, accommodation fees, internship fees, skill appraisal fees, living allowances, etc., and other areas are solved by local governments at the listed level.

　　(seven) support to participate in undergraduate and above education in colleges and universities.Retired military personnel take part in the general college entrance examination, adult college entrance examination and postgraduate examination. Those who meet the requirements enjoy extra care and are given priority under the same conditions. During the period of service, those who have won the second class merit or above and meet the requirements for entering the examination may apply for exemption from the initial examination for master’s degree. Retired soldiers with general higher vocational (junior college) education can enroll in adult colleges without taking the test. Higher vocational (junior college) students are enlisted for compulsory military service and retired. After completing their studies in higher vocational (junior college), they take the entrance examination for undergraduate students in colleges and universities, and implement separate plans and separate admission scores. Higher vocational (junior college) students who have won the third-class merit (including third-class merit) or above during their compulsory military service will be admitted to the enrollment institutions and majors of undergraduate students in ordinary colleges and universities without examination after completing their studies in higher vocational (junior college).

　　Retired for more than one year, admitted to higher vocational colleges, ordinary colleges with bachelor’s degree or above, registered for admission and obtained full-time student status. Those who meet the requirements will be funded according to the Measures for the Administration of Student Financial Aid Funds (Caikejiao [2019] No.19) issued by the Ministry of Finance and other five ministries and commissions.

　　Fourth, improve the enthusiasm of education and training subjects

　　(eight) to strengthen the management of education and training institutions.The establishment of retired military employment and entrepreneurship skills training and vocational education training institutions directory. Strengthen the evaluation of the training quality and the use of funds of training institutions, establish and improve the evaluation mechanism with the attendance rate, satisfaction and certificate acquisition of retired military students as the main content, and link it with the training qualifications and training funds allocation of training institutions. Encourage retired military students to participate in vocational skills appraisal and obtain relevant skills certificates.

　　(9) Strengthen incentive measures.Relying on the training institutions with a large amount of education and training tasks, strong teachers’ ability, high quality of education and training, and good employment recommendation effect, we will build a provincial-level education and training (training) demonstration base for retired soldiers, which will be recognized once every two years, and the number of each recognition will not exceed 5, and the provincial finance will give a one-time award. Encourage the establishment of municipal education and training (training) demonstration bases. When verifying the total performance pay in vocational colleges, the unit that undertakes the training of employment and entrepreneurship skills of retired military personnel and secondary and higher vocational education can appropriately increase the proportion of the training workload of retired military personnel converted into the training workload of full-time students.

　　(ten) support social forces to participate in education and training.Support enterprises, especially employees’ training centers of enterprises above designated size, to train veterans, and encourage enterprises and vocational colleges to jointly build training centers and teaching factories for veterans. Support social forces to carry out education, training and evaluation of retired military personnel. Explore the establishment of an education and training alliance for retired military personnel, and establish a training teacher library and entrepreneurial guidance team.

　　V. Promoting multi-channel employment of retired military personnel

　　(eleven) appropriately relax the recruitment (employment) conditions.Organs, enterprises, institutions, and social organizations, when recruiting and employing staff or workers, appropriately relax the professional, age, and academic qualifications of retired military personnel. The military service experience is regarded as grassroots work experience, and the length of service is calculated as the length of service. Under the same conditions, priority is given to recruiting and employing retired military personnel.

　　(12) Increase the recruitment of civil servants.In the annual recruitment of civil servants, at least 400 indicators are arranged in the province, and positions are set up in coordination with university student village officials, "three supports and one support" and other service grassroots projects, and the recruitment is for retired university student soldiers (including those who have obtained academic qualifications after retirement). According to the national policy, a certain number of grass-roots civil servant positions are set up every year to recruit college graduates and retired soldiers who have served in the army for five years or more. When organizing the work in Selected Graduates, we should pay attention to selecting and transferring outstanding college students with service experience. Specially recruit special police professional people’s police from retired soldiers such as anti-terrorism special warfare.

　　(13) Expand employment channels.Retired college soldiers with bachelor’s degree or above who participate in the special open recruitment of towns and institutions in eastern Guangdong, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong can apply for a written test-free post, which is not limited by job titles, professional qualifications, working years, household registration and other conditions, and is given priority under the same conditions. In the "Touyan" project of grass-roots party organizations, priority should be given to training and selecting village party secretary from party member, a retired soldier, and attention should be paid to training and selecting village cadres from returning veterans. Select outstanding veterans to serve as full-time staff in the Party’s grass-roots organizations and urban and rural communities. Improve the proportion of retired military personnel recruited for service guarantee, security and other positions, and give priority to recruiting retired military personnel under the same conditions for auxiliary police positions. Guide state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to actively fulfill their social responsibilities and attract more retired military personnel to find jobs. Incorporate retired military personnel with employment difficulties into public welfare posts according to regulations. Units that receive retired military personnel shall give priority to retaining retired military personnel.

　　(fourteen) the implementation of fiscal and tax incentives.Employers (except government agencies and institutions) who have absorbed the employment of retired military personnel within one year and the relevant personnel have been employed stably (signed labor contracts and participated in social insurance) for more than one year will be subsidized by employment subsidy funds at the standard of 10,000 yuan per person. Within the time specified by the state, if an enterprise recruits self-employed retired soldiers, signs a labor contract with them for more than one year and pays social insurance premiums according to law, the value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and enterprise income tax will be deducted in turn according to the actual number of recruits within three years (36 months) from the month when the labor contract is signed and social insurance premiums are paid, with the quota standard of 9,000 yuan per person per year. Newly-established enterprises for the employment of demobilized military cadres who choose their own jobs (they must hold the employment certificates issued by troops at or above the division level), where the demobilized military cadres who choose their own jobs account for 60% or more of the total number of enterprises, the taxable services they provide will be exempted from value-added tax within 3 years from the date of obtaining the business license.

　　(fifteen) the implementation of financial incentives.Small and micro enterprises that recruit newly retired military personnel and meet other application conditions can apply for business guarantee loans and enjoy loan interest subsidies. The loan amount shall be reasonably determined by the handling bank according to the policy and actual situation of the venture guarantee loan, with a maximum of 5 million yuan.

　　Sixth, encourage entrepreneurship to drive employment

　　(sixteen) to strengthen entrepreneurship guidance.Relying on professional training institutions, university science parks, creative spaces and online platforms, we will carry out entrepreneurship awareness education, entrepreneurship project guidance, business management training and other work for retired military personnel with entrepreneurial will, enhance entrepreneurial confidence and entrepreneurial ability, and enjoy entrepreneurship training subsidies according to regulations. Eligible retired military personnel participate in training courses for improving the quality of start-up business operators, and are given 10,000 yuan as required.

　　(seventeen) to strengthen fiscal and taxation support.Within the time specified by the state, self-employed retired soldiers who are engaged in self-employment will be deducted from the actual value-added tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge, local education surcharge and personal income tax within three years (36 months) with the limit of 14,400 yuan per household per year. Demobilized military cadres who are engaged in self-employment (must hold demobilized certificates issued by troops at or above the division level) shall be exempted from value-added tax and personal income tax within 3 years from the date of obtaining their business licenses. Ex-servicemen who successfully set up start-ups and have been operating normally for more than 6 months are eligible, and are given a one-time start-up grant of 10,000 yuan.

　　(eighteen) to strengthen financial support.Eligible veterans can apply for a maximum of 300,000 yuan and a maximum of 3 years of business guarantee loans and interest subsidies; Partnership or start-up enterprises can implement "bundled" loans with a maximum of 300,000 yuan per person and a total loan of 3 million yuan. We will link the contributions of retired military personnel with financing credit information, encourage and support banks and insurance institutions to explore and launch financial products such as "military service loans" to support entrepreneurship, and provide preferential and convenient services such as interest rates and no guarantees. The establishment of small and medium-sized enterprises by retired military personnel is listed as the key service object of the financing platform for small and medium-sized enterprises, and priority is given to financing support such as credit enhancement.

　　(nineteen) to strengthen business incubation support.Encourage government investment or social co-construction of the business incubation carrier to set up a retired military area, and support the construction of a retired military business incubation base (business park) in conditional areas. The province will focus on cultivating about 5 demonstration bases for veterans’ business incubation, and the provincial finance will give them a one-time award. For retired military start-ups who have settled in business incubation bases (business parks) sponsored by governments at all levels and relevant departments, the rent shall be reduced or exempted according to the proportion of not less than 80% in the first year, not less than 50% in the second year and not less than 20% in the third year. Ex-servicemen can apply for rent subsidies when starting a business, with the maximum of 6,000 yuan per year in the Pearl River Delta region and 4,000 yuan per year in other regions for up to 3 years.

　　(twenty) to strengthen the support of entrepreneurial projects.Encourage and support retired military personnel to actively participate in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Vocational Skills Competition, Guangdong "Zhongchuang Cup" Innovation Competition, "Creating Youth" Guangdong Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition and other entrepreneurial innovation activities. Encourage outstanding entrepreneurial projects of retired military personnel to apply for provincial-level outstanding entrepreneurial projects, and give 500,000-200,000 yuan to those that pass the evaluation. Guangdong Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fund gives key support to the innovation and entrepreneurship projects of retired military personnel, and encourages social capital to set up veterans’ entrepreneurship funds.

　　Seven, improve the ability and level of employment and entrepreneurship services.

　　(twenty-one) to strengthen the support of entrepreneurship in rural areas.We will improve policies and measures to support retired military personnel to participate in rural revitalization, and promote retired military personnel to use their own advantages to participate in rural revitalization. Establish a docking platform for innovative and entrepreneurial resources for retired military personnel returning to the countryside, increase the training of agricultural professional skills, and encourage and guide retired military personnel to lead the establishment of new agricultural business entities such as farmers’ cooperatives.

　　(twenty-two) support the improvement of the service system.Combined with the reform and construction of "digital government", we will build a service platform for employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel in the province. Public employment service agencies at all levels set up a window for retired soldiers or implement a priority system for retired soldiers to provide free services. Open up a "green channel" for veterans to start business registration, and provide "one-stop" business guidance and registration services. At all levels, listed counties (cities, districts) organize at least 2 special recruitment activities for retired soldiers every year. The establishment of retired military employment ledger, the implementation of real-name management, dynamic grasp of the employment situation, laid-off workers, timely included in the scope of re-employment assistance, re-employment is recommended first.

　　(twenty-three) optimize human resources services.If the human resources service agency introduces retired military employees to key employment enterprises, and has been employed stably and participated in social insurance for more than 6 months, the employment subsidy fund will give employment introduction subsidies according to the 400 yuan per person. In the human resources service industrial park awards, the evaluation of "human resources service integrity demonstration institutions" and the evaluation of provincial demonstration employment poverty alleviation bases, the effectiveness of promoting the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel has been significantly tilted. Strengthen the management of human resources market order, severely crack down on illegal acts such as "black intermediary", strengthen labor security supervision, promote labor dispute mediation and arbitration, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of retired military personnel.

　　Viii. Strengthening safeguard measures

　　(twenty-four) to strengthen supervision and assessment.The people’s governments at or above the county level should earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of promoting the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel, and strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination. The employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel will be included in the assessment of the target responsibility system for promoting employment in the province, and will be included in the scope of verification and supervision of retired military personnel affairs, which will be an important basis for the selection of provincial model cities (counties). Units that have made outstanding contributions to the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel shall, under the same conditions, give priority to the evaluation or recommendation of participating model units for retired military personnel and double support model units.

　　(twenty-five) to strengthen financial security.Strengthen the education and training of retired military personnel and the funding guarantee for employment and entrepreneurship, and incorporate them into the fiscal budget. The provincial finance co-ordinates the central and provincial financial subsidy funds for the education and training of retired soldiers, employment and entrepreneurship. Actively introduce social funds to form a diversified funding guarantee pattern.

　　(twenty-six) to strengthen publicity and guidance.Vigorously publicize the advanced models of retired military personnel’s employment and entrepreneurship, as well as the outstanding deeds of all walks of life who care about and support the employment and entrepreneurship of retired military personnel, and pay attention to recommending and selecting retired military personnel who have made contributions in all walks of life in recognition of outstanding Communist party member, model workers, the May 1 ST Labor Medal and the May 4 th Medal, so as to create a good social atmosphere for retired military personnel to find jobs and start businesses.

　　On September 15th, the website of the Ministry of Civil Affairs published the statistics of civil affairs in the second quarter of 2023. Data show that in the second quarter of this year (2023), there were 1.781 million couples of marriage registration and 676,000 couples of divorce registration nationwide.

　　Compared with the first quarter of this year, the number of marriage registrations in the second quarter of this year decreased by 366,000 pairs, and the number of divorce registrations increased by 35,000 pairs. Compared with the same period in the second quarter of last year, the two data increased by 156,000 pairs and 178,000 pairs respectively.

　　In recent years, the news that the number of marriages nationwide has reached a new low has aroused widespread concern.

　　According to statistics from the Ministry of Civil Affairs, China’s marriage data began to decline year by year in 2014, with 13.4693 million couples in 2013, falling below the 10 million couples mark in 2019 and 7.636 million couples in 2021, falling below the 8 million couples mark. In 2022, the number of marriage registrations nationwide was 6.833 million, a decrease of 803,000 couples or about 10.5% compared with the previous year.

　　CCTV News:On February 24th, the Ministry of Public Security held a press conference. Inform the national public security organs to crack down on illegal and criminal activities involving wild animals, strengthen the protection of diversity, stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, and promote the actual results of the construction of beautiful China.

　　According to the press conference, March 3 this year is the tenth World Wildlife Day. Respecting nature, conforming to nature and protecting nature are the inherent requirements of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out that "wild animals are an important part of all life and natural ecosystems on earth, and their living conditions are closely related to the sustainable development of mankind". The Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security resolutely implemented the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, thoroughly analyzed and accurately grasped the characteristics of wildlife-related crimes, and deployed public security organs across the country to launch a three-year special campaign to severely crack down on wildlife-related crimes according to law. With a zero-tolerance attitude and strong law enforcement, the special campaign focused on solving major cases, handling small cases and controlling cases, digging the source, cutting the chain and breaking the network, and achieved fruitful results.

　　Lv Wuqin, director of the Food and Drug Crime Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, informed the meeting that in 2022, the public security organs throughout the country adhered to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, thoroughly implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, closely focused on the major strategy of serving the Party and the country, closely combined with the "six guarantees" work, implemented the "six guarantees" task, and organized the "Kunlun" special action for the fourth consecutive year. On the basis of summing up and consolidating past experience and practices, we will further highlight key points and intensify efforts to severely crack down on criminal activities in the fields of food and drug rings and intellectual property rights according to law. A total of 84,000 criminal cases in the fields of food and drug rings and intellectual property rights have been detected, and 116,000 criminal suspects have been arrested, up by 12% and 17% respectively year-on-year, effectively safeguarding the "safety on the tip of the tongue" of the people, guarding green mountains and green waters, and ensuring high-quality development of services.

　　In order to thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s thought of the rule of law and the supreme leader’s thought of ecological civilization, since 2020, the Party Committee of the Ministry of Public Security has conscientiously implemented the arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, strictly implemented the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC)’s "Decision on Completely Banning Illegal Wildlife Trading, Eliminating Bad Habits of Eating Wild Animals, and Effectively Safeguarding People’s Life, Health and Safety", and deployed a three-year nationwide special campaign to severely crack down on wildlife-related crimes in accordance with the law, endangering precious and endangered wildlife for the purpose of eating. Public security organs throughout the country have given full play to their criminal crackdown functions, cooperated closely with the administrative departments, broadened the sources of clues and concentrated on solving crimes. A number of important cases have been investigated in all aspects, elements and chains, and a number of criminal gangs and dens have been destroyed, and a number of criminal chains have been cut off, which has achieved remarkable results. From 2020 to 2022, public security organs throughout the country investigated more than 70,000 criminal cases involving wild animals, arrested more than 90,000 criminal suspects, and confiscated 1.37 million wild animals (only animals) and 180,000 kilograms of wild animal products. At work, the main methods are:

　　First, continue to advance in depth and effectively strengthen organizational deployment.On the basis of in-depth study of the situation and the law of crime, in accordance with the general idea of "focusing on key points in one year, deepening in two years, and upgrading in three years", the "three-step approach" has been continuously deepened: focusing on key points in 2020 will quickly form a high-pressure shock to wildlife-related crimes for the purpose of eating; In 2021, we will deepen our efforts and focus on cracking down on outstanding crimes such as endangering precious and endangered wild animals and migratory birds; Grasp the promotion in 2022, closely focus on the party’s 20 major security and stability, and fully promote the crackdown and rectification of key issues and key areas such as illegal hunting with guns and explosives. Local public security organs have generally set up special action leading groups headed by the main leaders or leaders in charge, and combined with local conditions, they have implemented them at the first level and at the next level to promote the vigorous development of special actions.

　　Second, adhere to the principle of strike hard and crack down on prominent crimes.In the special action, the public security organs thoroughly studied the law of crime, comprehensively explored the clues of crime, and in accordance with the investigation requirements of "all links, all elements and all chains", the upstream and downstream fought together, and the source and end were investigated together to severely crack down on illegal hunting, acquisition, transportation and sale of terrestrial wild animals, endangering precious and endangered wild animals, illegal hunting, illegal fishing and other prominent crimes involving wild animals. A number of major cases, such as the "1 18" illegal hunting and acquisition of macaques in Ya ‘an, Sichuan, and the "10 11" series of illegal hunting cases in Ningde, Fujian, were solved, a number of criminal dens were destroyed, a number of illegal interest chains were cut off, and a number of key areas were rectified together with relevant departments. The Ministry of Public Security has listed and supervised 45 batches of major cases involving wildlife, and all 150 major cases have been solved.

　　The third is close cooperation and linkage to promote the formation of overall synergy.The public security organs, relying on mechanisms such as the the State Council Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on Combating Illegal Trade in Wild Animals and Plants, jointly carry out special law enforcement actions such as "Breeze", "Net Shield" and cracking down on illegal trade in wild animals, and strengthen the convergence of execution. Keep a close eye on nature reserves such as national parks, carry out joint law enforcement and rectification, strengthen daily cooperation by setting up a joint meeting of police and parks and building infrastructure, and realize "zero occurrence" of illegal hunting cases in nature reserves such as giant pandas and Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Parks. Strengthen regional police cooperation and jointly crack down on illegal wildlife trading and criminal activities in inter-provincial border areas by holding symposiums and signing memorandums of cooperation. Provincial public security organs along the Yellow River have established a police cooperation mechanism for ecological protection in the Yellow River Basin to fully serve the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. At the same time, strengthen international law enforcement cooperation, participate in international actions such as Interpol’s "Golden Sniper" and "Thunder", investigate 109 cases involving overseas wildlife, and show China’s image as a responsible big country in the field of wildlife protection.

　　The fourth is to strengthen system construction and constantly strengthen the guarantee of the rule of law.In the past three years, the Ministry of Public Security has successively issued guiding opinions and normative documents to crack down on wildlife-related crimes, and cooperated with relevant departments to issue judicial interpretations, forming a number of institutional achievements. Various localities have also formulated and promulgated a number of institutional norms, such as methods for linking administrative law enforcement with criminal justice and guidelines for obtaining evidence against wildlife crimes, which effectively support and guarantee the crackdown on rectification. At the same time, in accordance with the unified arrangements for comprehensively deepening public security reform, the professional forces involved in cracking down on crimes involving wildlife and other ecological and environmental fields have been completely reshaped, the working mechanism has been improved, and the level of law enforcement has been continuously improved, which has been tempered and tested in actual combat.

　　Fifth, widely publicize and launch, and vigorously promote social co-governance.Insist on popularizing the law by case and interpreting the law by case. In the past three years, the Ministry of Public Security has created a good public opinion atmosphere through a series of measures, such as opening media columns, publicly reporting typical cases, centrally publishing reporting methods, and organizing publicity and display of achievements. Local public security organs organized various publicity activities such as the signing ceremony of 10,000 people and the ceremony of centralized destruction of wild animals and their products at important nodes such as International Biodiversity Day, Bird Love Week and Wildlife Protection Publicity Month, and introduced a reward reporting system to expose typical cases, which promoted the formation of a good situation and atmosphere for the whole society to protect wild animals.

CCTV News:China — The Central Asia Summit will be held in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province from May 18th to 19th, and the presidents of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan will be invited to attend. Recently, Kazakh President Nursultan Tokayev accepted an exclusive interview with the program "High-end Interview" of the main station. Tokayev said that Kazakhstan has always advocated peace and friendship, hoping to bring together all those who are committed to promoting peace and build a bridge of peace between countries in conflict.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:President Tokayev, Kazakhstan has a unique geographical position and has been given many different titles for many years. Some scholars believe that Kazakhstan is "the key to the new geopolitical balance between Europe and Asia", while others call it a "diplomatic bridge" between East and West. How do you evaluate Kazakhstan’s role in today’s geopolitical landscape?

Kazakh President Tokayev:Kazakhstan has always advocated peace and friendship. At the diplomatic level, this means that we hope to host international forums and conferences, so that all those who are committed to promoting peace can get together and build a bridge of peace between countries in conflict. Therefore, the development of Kazakhstan is becoming more and more important to the world today.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:Mr. President, you have repeatedly expressed your hope to build a pluralistic and balanced foreign policy. The first thing I want to ask is, how do you define the concept of "multiple balance"?

Kazakh President Tokayev:This policy means that we want to have as many friends as possible all over the world. On the international stage, we have shown a high sense of responsibility in the field of security. I believe Kazakhstan can successfully implement this kind of foreign policy. It is our historical mission to establish peaceful and friendly diplomatic relations with other countries. Among them, it is particularly important to maintain friendly relations with neighboring countries. In this regard, China plays a crucial role.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:However, there are some practical factors. Mr. President, Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world and is adjacent to many big countries. Moreover, Kazakhstan has complicated relations with some countries facing geopolitical tensions. Will this make it more and more difficult for Kazakhstan to pursue a pluralistic and balanced foreign policy?

　　　　　　 Kazakh President Tokayev:Yes, sometimes it becomes more and more difficult. But even so, we have always adhered to and pursued this pluralistic and balanced foreign policy. You’re right, Kazakhstan is a vast country, so we should ensure that the overall environment, especially the political environment, is friendly to meet the needs of economic development.

Tokayev: Kazakhstan and China maintain close ties in many fields.

Tokayev said in an exclusive interview that Kazakhstan and China have maintained very close ties in many fields. China is a very reliable partner and is ready to expand cooperation in as many fields as possible in the future.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:In the economic field, China has been one of Kazakhstan’s largest trading partners for many years. You expressed the hope that economic and trade relations will continue to deepen. What industries or fields do you include?

Kazakh President Tokayev:I think Kazakhstan and China maintain very close ties in many fields, and the total bilateral trade has reached 31 billion US dollars. China is a very reliable partner. In the future, we are ready to expand cooperation in as many fields as possible. We welcome investment from China and entrepreneurs from China, and we will warmly welcome them to invest in Kazakhstan. Personally and as president of Kazakhstan, I firmly believe that China investors are great.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:China and Kazakhstan have set up an international cooperation project in vocational education to jointly cultivate vocational and technical talents and promote Kazakhstan’s economic development. This project is called Luban Workshop. On the basis of such cooperation, how do you hope to promote the development of bilateral economic relations?

Kazakh President Tokayev:Kazakhstan and China have made outstanding achievements in the field of economic cooperation, and we need to make persistent efforts. I am looking forward to my next visit to Xi ‘an, the cradle of Chinese civilization. I believe that Kazakhstan and China need to reach a new agreement and establish new areas of cooperation. We cannot stand still and wait for results. I believe that in this complicated world, we need to work hard to promote economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and China. In addition, I strongly support the development of friendly and cooperative relations between the young people of the two countries. The younger generation of the two countries should fully understand each other, so we should encourage them to have more exchanges. You just mentioned luban.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:He is a very famous craftsman.

Kazakh President Tokayev:Yes, I know his story quite well, and we will actively build Luban Workshop in Kazakhstan.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:What enlightenment do you think Luban can bring to the workers of the two countries? How do you think this will help the further development of bilateral relations?

Kazakh President Tokayev:This is like a bridge, which encourages the deepening of cooperation between the two sides. I just mentioned the exchange of knowledge and views. In addition, we should attach importance to the exchanges between the cultural and sports circles of the two countries.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:Like table tennis?

　　　　　　 Kazakh President Tokayev:Yes, we welcome the famous table tennis players from China to participate. About three or four years ago, the final of the ITTF World Tour was held in Kazakhstan, and outstanding players including Ding Ning came to show their superb skills. We appreciated them very much.

Tokayev: The Belt and Road Initiative will benefit many countries.

When talking about the "Belt and Road Initiative", Tokayev said that the "Belt and Road Initiative" will bring many benefits to many countries, provide a solid foundation for mutually beneficial cooperation among countries, and is also one of the important platforms for making a voice to the international community.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:How do you evaluate the value of the Belt and Road Initiative and what changes it has brought to Kazakhstan?

Kazakh President Tokayev:This is a grand project with great prospects, and Kazakhstan is very supportive of the concept expounded here by the Chairman of the Supreme Leader ten years ago. This project will bring many benefits to many countries. Kazakhstan plays an important role in the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:Indeed, two of the six economic corridors pass through Kazakhstan.

Kazakh President Tokayev:Yes With regard to the implementation of this initiative, Kazakhstan and China have a high degree of consensus, which not only provides a solid foundation for our mutually beneficial cooperation, but also serves as one of the important platforms for us to speak to the international community.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:Indeed, the Central European train that crossed Kazakhstan played a key role during the COVID-19 epidemic, and it was one of the few passages that could transport medicines, masks and ventilators at that time, which helped people in trouble and saved their lives.

Kazakh President Tokayev:Indeed, during the epidemic, we were almost isolated. I am very grateful to China for his support and help us tide over the difficulties. As the saying goes, a friend in need is a friend indeed. After the epidemic, I am full of expectations for the future trade between the two countries. I think we have many opportunities and potentials to further develop bilateral trade.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a regional organization with global influence. Kazakhstan will assume the rotating presidency of the SCO this year. How do you evaluate the role of the SCO in the evolving geopolitical landscape? In your opinion, what changes will Kazakhstan bring to this organization after becoming the rotating presidency?

Kazakh President Tokayev:Facts have proved that the SCO is a very promising and influential organization. This is due to China, because China strongly supported the development of the SCO from the beginning. The SCO originated from the Shanghai five-nation meeting mechanism established in 1996. At that time, as the foreign minister of Kazakhstan, I attended the inauguration ceremony. So I was very honored to participate in the activities of the SCO from the beginning. Of course, as the rotating presidency of the SCO and the host country of the meeting of the Council of Heads of State, Kazakhstan will do its utmost to enhance the potential of the SCO. I believe that the SCO is now very famous and influential in the world. As I said at the Bishkek Summit, the SCO has become one of the most mature and successful organizations in the world.

General Desk reporter Wang Guan:Some western friends will ask me curiously what kind of organization the SCO is. They will ask, is this the "Oriental version of NATO"? How do you respond to this doubt and curiosity?

Kazakh President Tokayev:The uniqueness of the SCO is that we have a very diversified agenda. We not only discuss and take actions in the security and military fields, but also make decisions in economic and trade cooperation, investment cooperation and cultural exchanges. This is a fact, not an exaggeration of the organization’s potential. I believe that the SCO still has many opportunities in the future. Crucially, we should work together to make this organization, by going up one flight of stairs, benefit from its potential and create well-being for our people.

　　Recently, there have been too many disturbances in Hollywood.

　　However, there are still some people who don’t know how to describe this, and they will feel ridiculous and helpless.

　　Therefore, I will try not to make too many comments, just sort out the whole recent timeline from the perspective of bystanders and people who eat melons, so that you can understand more clearly what big news has happened in the "Harry Potter" world in the last month.

　　Things, or from the "Harry Potter" series writer J.K. Rowling.

　　There has been a lot of news about her in the last month.

　　Since the 7th of last month, the creator of the wizarding world of Harry Potter has been caught in a huge speech crisis, and it all started with a tweet.

　　one

　　A controversy caused by Twitter

　　On June 7th, J.K. Rowling saw an article titled "people who menstruate" (the general title was "Creating a more equal post-epidemic world for menstruating people").

　　Among them, the content expresses respect for LGBTQ groups through words such as "menstruating person" and "female and non-bisexual person".

　　This is a semi-popular science article, reminding everyone that during the epidemic, they should still use menstrual hygiene products and care about the living conditions and gender equality of vulnerable women.

　　J.K. Rowling forwarded the comment, sarcastically-a person who menstruates? ! ?

　　I’m sure there should be a name to describe this group. Who can help me recall what the word was called-yes? Female energy? Or Lu Ren? (Note: It should have been a female Women, but she deliberately made several deformations.)

　　Just a joke, or a question. As a result, it caused an uproar.

　　Because in the future, people with menstruation are equal to women, which is directly denying the existence of transgender people. The irony that can’t be concealed in the sentence has angered the LGBTQ group, and it has also caused a wave of anti-sexist netizens to leave messages.

　　They accused J.K. Rowling of maliciously discriminating against transsexuals, and turned to the past, accusing her of not only targeting transgender groups, but also excluding them from the identity of "women."

　　2

　　J.K. Rowling = acrophobia TERF

　　This requires wheels to go back to the end of last year.

　　At that time, a large-scale "TERF" incident was triggered by a judicial case on Twitter.

　　TERF is the abbreviation of trans-exclusive radical feminism.

　　Its claim is that "transgender women can’t really change their physical gender, and transgender women can’t really experience the physical experience of physiological women (such as menstruation and pregnancy), so they can’t and shouldn’t participate in the feminist movement".

　　Originally, this idea was nothing, but the right wing would use this "edge-cutting" perspective as a language weapon to crack down on transgender groups, which caused public anger.

　　The simplest thing is that Maya Forstater, a British tax expert and former consultant of CGD, an internationally renowned think tank, was informed that she would not renew her employment because she published criticism against transgender people in the company. She felt that she had been treated unfairly by "speech censorship" and sought relief from the court, but she finally lost the case.

　　There is nothing to pay attention to, but because of J.K. Rowling’s strong support, a public opinion war on "transgender speech" has arisen.

　　"You can wear the clothes you want to wear, call your name, and go to bed with the adults you want to go to bed. Live your life calmly. But forcing women to lose their jobs just because they state that’ the existence of women is a fact’? "

　　The tag「#IStandWithMaya "at the end directly stands on the same side as Maya.

　　It is also because in 2018, J.K. Rowling tracked several anti-transgender accounts and praised a tweet that humiliated transgender people "is a man in a dress."

　　Internet criticism of "J.K. Rowling = TERF" swarmed in.

　　three

　　This is not over!

　　This time, the real outbreak of netizens’ encirclement and suppression was also due to a series of "clarification" pictures and texts issued by J.K. Rowling herself to defend herself later-

　　"In the past three years, I have spent a lot of time reading books, blogs and scientific literature written by transgender, medical experts and gender experts. I know the difference. When someone has different ideas, don’t assume that they have no knowledge. "

　　"If gender is not true, then where is the same-sex attraction? If gender is not real, where can women in the world really exist? I understand and love transgender people, but erasing the concept of gender will only stifle people’s ability to really think about the meaning of gender. I just stand up and tell the truth out loud. This is not hatred. "

　　"My life and life experience are all shaped by my female identity. I don’t think I am creating hatred by saying this."

　　"I respect every transgender person very much. They have the right to live the life they like, as long as they are convinced of it and feel comfortable about it. If you are discriminated against because you are a transgender, I will also support you; But at the same time, I live as a woman. I don’t believe it is disgusting for me to say so. "

　　It can be seen that after the previous tweet was strongly opposed, Rowling strengthened her position and refuted the accusation of transsexualism.

　　She claimed that she "has been empathizing with transgender people for decades" and called the accusation that she hates transgender people "nonsense".

　　However, here, please note that both sex and gender are used to describe gender in English.

　　But sex is actually divided into men and women according to everyone’s physiological structure, so in a broad sense, gender defined by culture and social behavior is mostly used to refer to gender.

　　However, every tweet by J.K. Rowling uses the traditional physical gender noun sex. She thinks that people overemphasize the diversity of gender, but deny the innate existence of physical gender.

　　However, this is the bottom line of the gender identity of transgender people, so in the eyes of netizens, she is clearly questioning the physical gender, distorting the facts about gender identity and misinterpreting transgender people.

　　At this point, some influential foreign media have also published articles, objectively discussing J.K. Rowling’s dissemination of "anti-transsexual wrong information."

　　GLAAD (Gay Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation, a well-known LGBTQ rights organization) declared that Rowling’s answer was "inaccurate and heartless".

　　And give a heavy blow-"In 2020, there is no excuse to discriminate against transgender people."

　　But J.K. Rowling seems completely unaware and continues to carry the flag.

　　When a netizen asked whether to admit that she was TERF, she made the following response.

　　I saw J.K. Rowling put "feminist Nazi", "TERF", "bitch" and "witch" in the same breath, and lamented that "you see, no matter how times change, the remarks of hating women are eternal".

　　Netizens are completely angry-they think that the word TERF is not used to curse people, and you actually confuse them?

　　A drop of oil, poured on the unlit flame, jumped out of the fire that went straight to the sky. Many fans who love the magical world of Harry Potter are disappointed with such J.K. Rowling.

　　In the firelight, GLAAD sarcastically said, "Looking for books to read in summer? Rick Riordan, the author of percy jackson (a famous American fantasy novel), has no transgender phobia. "

　　The official blog of APP“Clue ",which records the menstrual cycle, also wrote," The purpose of using neutral language is to get rid of and surpass’ women = uterus’, so that the shackles of physiological structure are simply used as boundaries and marks. Feminists were once ridiculed for trying to change sexist language, but now no one can say’ Fireman’ but ‘firefighter’, right? "

　　Beth McColl, a British writer of both sexes, also publicly countered by revealing her privacy: "Funny! I haven’t had my period since 2017; According to you, my status as a woman was forced to be suspended before I could conjure up my menstruation? "

　　four

　　The actors of "Harry Potter" also joined the debate.

　　As the producer of the Harry Potter films, Warner Bros issued a statement in response to Rowling’s remarks.

　　"Warner Bros. has a firm stance on inclusiveness, and we hope to cultivate a diverse and inclusive culture."

　　"We cherish the story creators, but we are fully aware that we have the responsibility to cultivate empathy and advocate people’s understanding of all groups, especially those who have content cooperation with us.

　　Universal Parks Resorts with Harry Potter IP also said: "Our core values include diversity, inclusiveness and respect. Anyone is welcome to come here to enjoy time. In addition, we will not comment further. "

　　Rowling’s long-term partner, Academic Press, only supports the author’s "right to express personal opinions and beliefs".

　　Most official statements are tactful and thoughtful, and will not offend any party.

　　But the actors of "Harry Potter" began to make statements later, and at this time, things got worse.

　　Daniel Jacob Radcliffe, who plays Harry Potter, sends a message to The Trevor Project of LBQTQ suicide prevention and control NGO, which he has been paying attention to for a long time:

　　In this gentle but firm letter, Radcliffe wrote: "A transgender woman is a woman."

　　"Any opposite claim will obliterate the identity and self-dignity of transgender people."

　　"We need to do more to support them, not to invalidate their identity, not to continue to hurt them."

　　Radcliffe also stressed that these words are by no means a pen battle between himself and J.K. Rowling. "Jo is undoubtedly the person who led my life to this day."

　　"I really hope that you have not lost the precious feelings brought by these stories. If Harry Potter teaches you that love is the strongest force in the universe that can overcome everything;

　　If it teaches you that strength can only be found in diversity, and dogmatic purity will only bring oppression to the disadvantaged groups;

　　If you believe that one of the characters is transgender, non-binary, gender-mobile or gay; If you find these stories, they resonate and inspire you at any moment in your life-this is the sacred connection between you and this book. "

　　Emma Watson, who plays Hermione, also tweeted to support transgender people: "Transgender people deserve to live the life they want, and should not always be questioned or told that they are not what they think."

　　In fact, as early as 2018, she once tweeted and expressed her support for transgender people in the form of photos.

　　Trans Rights are Human Rights

　　At the same time, Noma Dumezweni, the actress who played Hermione in the London stage play Harry Potter and the Cursed Child, started with "Dear Jo" and listed a bunch of transgender people, asking her to check Wikipedia.

　　After that, more Harry Potter actors joined the fray.

　　Bonnie Wright, the actor of "Ginny", voiced that "transgender women are also women. I see you and I love you."

　　Evanna Lynch, the player of Luna, said that "it is challenging enough for transgender people to learn to accept and love themselves, and society should not add such pain to them."

　　Chris Rankin, who plays Percy Weasley, is an outspoken supporter of LGBT+ and the founder of "Christian House" (a virtual community supporting queer youth).

　　He also shared his support for transgender friends and family on his own platform.

　　"My beautiful, brave and strong transgender friends and the family of Chris House, we love you. I can’t say enough. You are great and deserve to be treated gently by the world. Please remember this and expect to be proud of yourself. We are all proud of you. "

　　Rupert Grint, the actor of "Ron Weasley", also voiced: "I firmly stand with transgender people. Transgender women are women and transgender men are men. We should live with love, not criticism. "

　　The identity of Eddie Redmayne, the protagonist of the magical animal series "Little Freckle", is actually more complicated. After all, he once played a transgender in The Danish Girl.

　　The Danish Girl.

　　He told Variety magazine directly, "As a person who has worked with JK Rowling and transgender groups, I want to make it clear that I don’t agree with Luo’s remarks."

　　"It is a cultural need to respect transgender people. I have been trying to educate myself for many years. This is a continuous process.

　　"Transgender women are women, transgender men are men, and non-binary gender is real. I don’t want to speak on behalf of this group, but I know that my transgender friends around me are tired and tired of constantly questioning their identity, because such questioning often leads to violence and abuse. They just want to live in peace, and now it’s time to let them go. "

　　For a time, the actors of Harry Potter came off the stage to make a statement.

　　J.K. Rowling was calm. "Although I have become the target of public criticism, I refuse to bow my head."

　　In order to clarify her position and explain that she has the origin of today’s views, on June 10th, J.K. Rowling once again sent a thousand words to defend her right to talk about transsexuality, explained the complicated reasons for her interest in this topic, and blew herself up the painful details of domestic violence and sexual assault.

　　"Because we pay special attention to transgender issues, we will think that society should keep facilities that are only used by" physiological women. "

>

　　"I have been concerned by the public for more than 20 years, and I have never publicly talked about being a victim of domestic violence and sexual assault. This is not because I am ashamed of my personal experience, but because it hurts me to re-examine and remember that past. I think my daughter must be protected from the influence of the first marriage, and I don’t want to be the only one who tells this story. After all, my daughter has also been hurt.

　　But not long ago, I asked her how she would feel if I openly confessed that part of my life. She encouraged me to move on. I mention these things now not for sympathy, but for solidarity with many women who have been in the same situation as me and have been ridiculed as discriminators because of their concern about the single gender space.

　　This is the most misogynistic period I have ever experienced. In the 1980s, I imagined that my future daughter (if any) could live a much better life than before, but now feminism is under attack and online culture is full of pornography. I believe things will get worse for girls. I have never seen women degraded and dehumanized to such an extent. "

　　At this point, it seems that J.K. Rowling has played a wave of "empathy" cards with her best words, but it can’t stop the speech of "transgender phobia" from spreading and fermenting on the Internet.

　　five

　　More discrimination?

　　As the vortex of affirmative action is getting bigger and bigger, J.K. Rowling’s hot spots continue to ferment. In addition to being accused of discriminating against transgender people, she was also accused of discriminating against Asians.

　　In Harry Potter, the only East Asian character is named Cho Chang. Netizens pointed out that this name is similar to the pronunciation of the Asian racial discrimination phrase’ Ching Chong’ (China guy).

　　Maybe the name is just a coincidence, but the people in cho chang seem to have hammered J.K. Rowling to death. She fell straight into the pit of hot search.

　　Because, cho chang completely conforms to the stereotype of Asian Americans in the West: crying, being rigid, being dull, reading foolishly, having little thinking and ability, obeying white men, and being eager to fall in love with western men.

　　six

　　The quarrel is still going on

　　Netizens are busy eating melons, digging melons and fighting back, and J.K. Rowling is not idle. She has not kept silent about her beliefs. On the Tweet on Sunday (July 5th), she liked a tweet comparing hormone prescriptions with antidepressants.

　　"Yes, they are sometimes necessary and life-saving straws, but they should be the last resort," the tweet said. For those who would rather take medicine than spend time and energy to heal their hearts, it is pure laziness. "

　　In order to clarify her position, Rowling then used 11 tweets to discuss mental health and transgender groups and stated her concerns about hormone therapy.

　　Rowling wrote that she herself used antidepressants to fight "obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and anxiety" and that "health professionals worry that young people with mental illness will be forced to use hormones and surgery, which may not be in their best interests."

　　She went on to compare hormone therapy with homosexual conversion therapy. Transgender people bring their bodies closer to their gender identity through hormone therapy. Gay conversion therapy refers to the untrustworthy practice of trying to change sexual orientation through psychological or spiritual means.

　　She said that many people, including herself, believe that they are "seeing a new type of transformation therapy for young homosexuals, and they are embarking on the road of lifelong medical treatment, which may lead to their loss of fertility or sexual function."

　　She clarified, "As I have said many times, transition may be the answer for some people. For others, it won’t-just look at the description of transgender people. "

　　Later, a link was posted about the account of a woman who had experienced a short transsexual life.

　　In this regard, Munroe Bergdorf, a transgender and model, responded to Rowling’s latest news, saying that Rowling did not "stop to think about the harm she caused to the mental health of transgender children" and even criticized her as a "dangerous person" and a "threat to LGBT people".

　　Nikkie de Jager, an influential figure on YouTube, wrote on Twitter, "… think I am a fan of Harry Potter. You are a shame @ jk_ Rowling. You have no idea how much damage you have caused. You are a disgrace. "

>

　　Charlotte Clymer, an activist and writer, also joined the discussion. She said on Twitter that Rowling’s comparison between hormone therapy and conversion therapy "revealed that she obviously ignored the meaning of transgender people and struggled for life-saving medical care".

　　The war of words and guns, the battlefield continues to expand, and even the continuous development and extension are even more outrageous.

　　During this period, the contradiction between Rowling and Stephen King was the most ridiculous. Rowling tweeted her love for Stephen King on June 28th, and even reached a new height.

　　But Stephen King then replied to other netizens: transgender women are also women.

　　Later, Rowling deleted the Twitter that praised Stephen King before, and also shut down Stephen King.

　　seven

　　Fire Rowling!

　　The climax of all this happened the day before yesterday-MuggleNet (Muggle Net) and TheLeakyCauldron (leaky cauldron), the two largest Harry Potter fan websites in the United States, jointly issued a statement.

　　Because J.K. Rowling’s remarks about transgender people last month clashed with the inclusive values advocated by Harry Potter books and fans, and in order to always adhere to the concept of providing a safe community where everyone feels welcome, they decided to keep their distance from the author Rowling and stop publishing content related to her personal career (except charity), mentioning her achievements other than creating a magical world, and publishing her photos and quoting her expressions.

　　In other words, Harry Potter’s fan website decided to draw a line with the creator of this magical world!

　　They said in the statement: "Our position is firm: transgender women are women. Transgender men are men. People who are not binary are non-binary. Androgyny exists and should not be forced to live in a binary state. "

　　These two fan websites have more than 1 million fans on Facebook. They admit that these two fan websites have more than 1 million fans on Facebook. It is not easy to speak out against people who have admired for a long time. They also know that it is even more wrong not to use the platform to offset the damage caused by Rowling.

　　"Although we can’t forgive Rowling for being abused for expressing her views on transgender people, we must reject her beliefs."

　　At this point, the Rowling incident, which lasted for more than a month, has come to an end. Of course, from the current situation, no one can predict what views the two sides will throw next.

　　This seems to have become the normal state of internet debate. Everyone has their own opinions, but it seems that no one can convince anyone, but the rift between them is getting deeper and deeper.

　　Frankly speaking, from the perspective of a bystander, the development of the whole incident makes people feel somewhat helpless and sad.

　　To borrow the words of a fan, it is: "It hurts so much". Although I am eating melons, I am eating melons with great pain.

　　Finally, let’s end today’s article with the words of Harry Potter actor Daniel Jacob Radcliffe.

　　"I really hope that you have not lost the precious feelings brought by these stories. If Harry Potter teaches you that love is the strongest force in the universe that can overcome everything;

　　If it teaches you that strength can only be found in diversity, and dogmatic purity will only bring oppression to the disadvantaged groups;

　　If you believe that one of the characters is transgender, non-binary, gender-mobile or gay; If you find these stories, they resonate and inspire you at any moment in your life-this is the sacred connection between you and the book. "

>

　　Previous recommendation

　　Let your new play in tourist trap come! ! !

　　In the first half of 2020, these 25 good dramas are recommended to you!

　　9.9 points? ? ? The rating of this new film is too scary!

　　Korean drama is the best this season! Into the pit after only one episode.

　　The most nonsense domestic drama in the near future! When people reach 50, it’s silly and sweet. Who do you want act young to show them to?

The largest barbecue province in southwest China, Banzha!

Among many cooking methods in Chinese, barbecue is definitely the most rugged and heroic one. Therefore, when it comes to barbecue delicious places, people always think of Xinjiang, where mutton is full of oil, Northeast China, where artists are all over the world, and even Zibo, where barbecue has attracted a lot of traffic … In short, barbecue seems to have a natural fit with northerners.

However, in the southwestern border of China, Yunnan is definitely a "neglected barbecue province"-this warm and beautiful province is famous for its delicious mushrooms, various spices and smooth and refreshing rice noodles, but anyone who has gone deep into it knows that barbecue definitely occupies a great proportion and a very high position in the thick food list of the people in this province.

A dazzling array of Yunnan barbecues.

Figure/vision china

In a province of Yunnan, from Kunming to Dizhou, there are barbecues in the city, which are unique everywhere. The rich variety of ingredients, the wonderful and bold baking method, and the exquisite seasoning dipped in water all surprised the first-time tasters.

More importantly, in Yunnan, barbecue is not only a kind of food, but also a natural way of life, a relaxed atmosphere and interest. From a pond fire in a wooden house in a village to a huge and magical open-air barbecue city and barbecue village, the fireworks and incense of barbecue constitute the most intense and wonderful part of the gorgeous taste of this colorful province.

Fire, the original fiery impact

If cooking is the art of mutual reaction between flame and food, then barbecue is definitely the most primitive and sincere moment of their relationship. Back to thousands of years ago, our ancestors in caves made a fire and food close to each other, so delicious food was readily available, simple and direct, and without affectation.

A sizzling barbecue.

Figure/vision china

Nowadays, the equipment in most barbecue shops has become professional but full of industrial feeling. Although the taste of barbecue is still attractive, it has long lost its original taste of "accompanying with fire". The most valuable thing about Yunnan barbecue is that even today, the element of "fire" still retains a strong sense of existence.

Perhaps because of the large temperature difference between day and night on the plateau, it is very necessary to keep warm by fire as soon as the sun goes down; Or because of the customs formed by the ethnic minorities who live here for thousands of years, even today, Yunnan people still like to make fires in their daily lives. Especially in ethnic minority villages, the fireplace is the center of a house. Some Wa people still go to the holy land to get a new fire every year. In the following year, this fire will be born in the fireplace at home and will not be extinguished. Around this pond fire, people cook, keep warm, sit around, drink, sing and dance … and barbecue happens naturally.

Wa people rest in the fireplace.

Figure/vision china

Barbecue barbecue, those who touch the flame are burned, and those who take heat from the fire are roasted. In Yunnan, you can often hear the word "fire", which is different from the fire in Hebei. In Yunnan, it means literally: put a piece of meat, a conjoined (pig spleen), a liver and a kidney on the fire with a perforated strainer, or directly bury it in a burning plant ash for smoldering. The meat cooked in this way tastes excellent, the fat and oil have already melted into the fire, and the lean meat is juicy and elastic, and it has the peculiar smell of firewood, which is by no means comparable to the barbecue cooked with a pot.

In southwest Yunnan, roasted meat can appear in any scene. If you look at a piece of meat in the refrigerator in any restaurant, the boss can directly make it for you, and then slice it and plate it. In Tengchong area, it is even more popular to burn meat rice noodles. The burnt meat slices, tomatoes and peppers are also burnt on the fire, chopped together, and then poured together on a bowl of smooth and mellow rice noodles. That taste, hot and sour and refreshing, accompanied by a strong aroma of firewood, mixed with the burnt aroma of meat and the mellow extension of rice noodle soup, is also considered to be the top grade among the dazzling rice noodle categories in Yunnan.

Braised pork rice noodles, barbecue and roasted peppers in Baoshan, Yunnan.

Photography/Wanrui

The highest level of burning meat is to burn a whole pig. In Baoshan area, a whole pig is put in a special earthen kiln, or directly set up with thatch and firewood to light a fire. The pig is free-range, eating only grass and corn until it is ripe in June or July, and then the surface washing, where the pig has been blackened, is clean. At this time, the fragrance of thatch and pine cones spreads. The pigskin is bright and golden, and the pork is tender and refreshing.

This whole pig has been chopped into eight pieces and chopped into many pieces of roasted meat. You can just grab one piece and put it in your mouth, or dip it in various kinds of water. This is not unusual, but the local people’s favorite way to eat it is a "cold roasted meat", which is pickled with water, or shredded potato, shredded radish, shredded lettuce, bean sprouts, and all kinds of sweet and sour seasonings. It is very refreshing.

The blazing fire burned pigs.

Figure/vision china

In fact, in Yunnan, except meat, all ingredients can be closely linked with the fire in daily life. For example, Jianshui and Shiping counties are rich in tofu, especially the famous wrapped tofu. Around Dashuijing Ancient Buildings and Tofu Square, there are bean curd shops, and each shop has several huge table stoves. People, either together or by themselves, find a seat beside the stove, bake a fire and eat tofu. There is often a woman who is in charge of tofu by every stove. Every time a diners eat a tofu, she silently counts a soybean for counting. So everyone chats without a word. They can order some kebabs, a plate of roasted melons and a bowl of rice noodles when they are hungry. Of course, most people just sit quietly in the warm charcoal fire and the fragrant tofu smell for a day.

Baked Jianshui Tofu, one Explosicum at a time.

Photography/Zi Jin’s Time Fragments, Picture/Picture Worm Creativity

Interestingly, although in some highly urbanized places, electric heaters have already replaced braziers and fire pits as heating sources in winter nights, Yunnan people actually bake bait blocks, breast fans, tofu and sweet potatoes in the small sun, and even in the shopping malls in Yunnan today, there are heaters with baking tray functions … It can be seen that in the hearts of Yunnan people, heating and barbecue have long been inseparable.

Barbecue in Yunnan-It’s not just rough.

As we all know, abundant sunshine, spring-like temperatures in four seasons, reasonable rainfall and extremely rich and uneven topography make Yunnan a treasure province that never worries about poor products. And all the products here, whatever animals and birds, fruits and vegetables, even the mushrooms that people from other provinces can’t forget, and the insects that make everyone flinch, can all make the best use of them in the context of Yunnan barbecue, and each has its place.

Banna roast chicken, heat and seasoning are a must.

Photography/heavenly wand

In Mojiang County, Pu ‘er, there is a barbecue city known as the largest in Asia, with more than 100 barbecue shops, which is spectacular. In fact, it can form such a scale because it relies on a huge market, where customers buy meat and vegetables and take them to pay some processing fees for the boss to barbecue. And these bosses are all-embracing. They can barbecue all the food in the market in the most appropriate way. Therefore, in this magical giant dining facility, barbecue is just a form, and the richness of food products is its real confidence.

To go to Mojiang Shuanglong Barbecue City, you must buy food first!

Figure/Midnight Food Store, Caicai

Seeing the burning pig mentioned earlier, many people may think that the style of Yunnan barbecue is rough. It can only be said that Yunnan barbecue has its heroic side, but on the other hand, with the blessing of such rich products, Yunnan people actually develop the barbecue very carefully and fastidiously.

Yunnan people pay great attention to barbecue meat parts, comparable to Chaoshan people playing beef hot pot. For example, in mangshi, people’s favorite pork roast turned out to be the pig’s tail. The pig’s tail was burned on charcoal until its skin was brown, and it was cut into small pieces and put into an iron plate. Although there were more bones and less meat, the taste of the meat reached a certain extreme … Similarly, the pig’s gums, the pig’s sphincter, the back meat that the chicken needed to move because of frequent probes, and the fish chin all appeared in the barbecue menu of Yunnan people, in order to eat that bite.

Dehong mangshi Special-Roasted Pig Tail.

Photography/Wanrui

The perfection of Yunnan barbecue is actually in Zhaotong, the northeast of Yunnan, where a barbecue form that is popular all over the southwest was born, which is the smallest barbecue in China. In fact, a bamboo stick is only wearing a piece of meat the size of a fingernail. The reason why the skewers are made so small is to achieve the ultimate balance between the taste and the taste-veal with a good sauce and butter fat in Wangwang. Then sprinkle with yellow chili pepper noodles and sesame seeds, the meat will never get old, and the taste will be thick and thorough. So, one bite at a time, before you know it, hundreds of strings of meat will quietly go down.

Zhaotong, which is popular in the southwest, burns the handle.

Photography/Fan Xiaozhe, Figure/Figure Worm Creativity

In addition to the exquisite ingredients themselves, another major feature of Yunnan barbecue is the maximum use of local spices. Here we have to mention the Dai barbecue. Dai people have different professional barbecue methods for different foods, such as "combination" means net roasting, "combination nest" means stuffing spices into the stomachs of chickens and fish for roasting, and "combination elegance" means wrapping pig brains, wild vegetables and other foods with banana leaves and wood leaves for roasting … No matter which kind, a large number of spices and fresh fragrant plants are used. The most famous spices in Dai barbecue are citronella, grilled fish with citronella and so on.

It has become a representative food of citronella grilled fish in Yunnan.

Photography/Where to Eat in Shanghai (meishi388)

Finally, in addition to the unique spices used in barbecue, the real killer in Yunnan barbecue seasoning system is actually not the process of barbecue cooking, but the dipping water on the table.

Yunnan is a kingdom of dipping in water. Even if Yunnan people eat a bowl of vegetables in their daily lives, they can’t wait to dip in a bowl of water. Therefore, it is conceivable that how can Yunnan barbecue be separated from dipping water?

In the Kunming farmers’ market, merchants have prepared bowls of water.

Figure/vision china

There are many schools of dipping barbecue in water in Yunnan, and almost every one can be applied to barbecue. For example, for roasted tofu, the most basic dipping water is the combination of bittern rot and coriander or houttuynia cordata. Southwestern people generally like to eat spicy food, and Yunnan people are no exception. There are two kinds of basic peppers dipped in water, namely, yellow pepper noodles made of baked peppers dipped in water, or oily peppers made of dried peppers poured with oil. In northeastern Yunnan, where food customs are similar to those in Guizhou, people also like to eat paste peppers dipped in water. In different regions, there are many unique local dips, such as plum vinegar dips that must be matched with Dali rawhide … In short, there are numerous dips in Yunnan barbecue.

Simple baked potato and rich dip.

Photography/Wanrui

Of course, the best place to dip in water in Yunnan may be in southern Yunnan. The ethnic minorities in southern Yunnan, represented by the Dai people, have created countless unforgettable souls dipped in water with all kinds of fresh fruits and spices combined with all kinds of strange fermentation techniques, such as lemon sprinkling with fruits, pickled vegetable paste dipped in passion fruit, pickled vegetable paste that can make all the fatness disappear in an instant, sprinkled with bitter sausage and all kinds of meat, and whimsical Fengqing beer dipped in water …

With the blessing of these dips in water, barbecue is no longer a smoky, high-oil and high-fat "heavy-taste" food. Instead, it adds a touch of fresh elements. Probably in this always bright and beautiful province, everything will eventually become colorful.

Wen | Big jumping donkey

Text editing | Chlorella

Photo Editor | Wang Jiale

Toutu | vision china

Cover Picture | Where to Eat in Shanghai (meishi388)

This article is the original content of "Authentic Scenery"

It is forbidden to reprint at will without the authorization of the account.

　　CCTV News:Two days ago, the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau announced that in the first half of this year, the "Net Net 2019" special campaign cracked more than 3,900 cases involving various types of networks and arrested more than 4,700 suspects involved. In the network-related cases cracked by Beijing police in the first half of this year, the "network water army" and other cases that destroyed computer information systems are typical. Not long ago, Beijing police successfully detected a related case and arrested 7 suspects.

　　In May this year, the Netan Corps of the Beijing Public Security Bureau received a report that a commercial website called "Bo Dian" helped customers to increase the likes and reposts of designated Weibo posts by illegal means at the price of RMB per 10,000 times in 70 yuan, thus achieving the purpose of creating and speculating hot events on the Internet.

　　Enol, deputy squadron leader of the 6th Team of Netan Corps of Beijing Public Security Bureau, said, we found that this website, Bodan, bypassed the audit strategy of Sina Weibo through a software developed by itself, and illegally added some forged data to the backstage server in Weibo, so that users who bought this illegal service on Bodan could increase their reading and clicking.

　　After investigation, the gang, headed by Wang Mobao, has seven members. From February to May 2019, the gang provided this kind of praise and forwarding service for more than 2,500 customers and more than 320,000 Weibo online posts in this way, with a total number of times exceeding 100 million and illegal profits exceeding 2 million yuan. Subsequently, Beijing Netan Corps and Chaoyang Branch went to many places to carry out centralized network-receiving operations against the gang, and arrested seven suspects, including website operators, database maintainers and batch operation software writers, in Ningbo, Zhejiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu and Jieyang, Guangdong.